El impacto económico de la pesca submarina en las Islas Baleares

Abstract

[spa] La pesca submarina es un deporte que ha dado grandes éxitos a nivel competitivo en las Islas Baleares, un deporte valorado y apreciado en años pasados, cuando sus deportistas fueron galardonados por la sociedad. No obstante, en los últimos años, y especialmente en 2017, ha sufrido muchos ataques por parte de políticos y pescadores profesionales, culpando a los pescadores submarinos de todos los males del Mar Mediterráneo. Este trabajo pretende realizar un estudio para demostrar que, aunque sea mal vista por los políticos y criticada por algunos autodenominados ecologistas, sin ningún argumento científico, la pesca submarina tiene un impacto económico positivo en las Islas Baleares. Además, se intentará demostrar que, aunque los pescadores profesionales vean a los pescadores submarinos como principales competidores y como una gran amenaza para su negocio, el impacto económico de la pesca submarina sobre la pesca profesional es mínimo. Finalmente se intentará plantear un sistema para controlar el furtivismo en las costas de las Islas Baleares, del cual se culpa exclusivamente a la pesca submarina, para controlar todas las modalidades de pesca y que sea económicamente eficiente.

[eng] Spearfishing as a sport has been giving great successes at a competitive level in the Balearic Islands, a sport that was respected and valued in the past, when their athletes were rewarded by the society. However, in recent years, and especially in 2017, it has suffered a lot of attacks from politicians and professional fishermen, blaming spearfishers of all the ills of the Mediterranean sea. This essay tries to create a study to show that, even blamed by the politicians and criticized by self called ecologists without any scientific argument, spearfishing has a positive economic impact in the Balearic Islands. In addition, an attempt will be made to demonstrate that, although professional fishermen see spearfishing as their main competitors and as a major threat to their business, the economic impact of spearfishing on professional fishing is minimal. Finally, an attempt will be made to establish a system to control poaching on the coasts of the Balearic Islands, which is exclusively blamed for spearfishing, to control all fishing methods and to be economically efficient.