Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors.Comparative trade vs. industry sector and associated variables

Abstract

[eng] Introduction. Cardiovascular and metabolic disorders are important health problems in working populations in Europe where,together with healthy lifestyle habits, aspects such as the type of work and the conditions in which it is carried out are correlated.The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the industrial and commercial sectors, taking intoaccount their differences and associated socio-demographic and occupational variables.Methodology. Descriptive, cross-sectional study of 56856 workers in trade and industry sectors. The prevalence of highblood pressure, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia in both sectors and their relationship with anthropometric, analytical and clinicalparameters was estimated. A descriptive analysis of categorical variables was performed, calculating the frequency and distributionfor each of them. For quantitative variables, we calculated the mean and standard deviation, bivariate analysis using the chi-squaretest and Student's t-test for independent samples. Multivariate analysis was performed to establish the most significant variablesassociated with the risk factors.Results. Anthropometric, analytical and clinical parameters show more unfavorable values in workers in the industrial sectorand in both sectors they are more unfavorable in men. The three cardiovascular risk factors: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemiaand hyperglycemia, increase in prevalence with age, in people with primary education, in sedentary people, in people with lowadherence to the Mediterranean diet and in smokers.Conclusion. The variables that most influence the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors are: physical activity, sex and age.Workers in the industrial sector are at higher risk than those in the trade sector for all three cardiovascular risk factors.