Effects of active compounds present in beer on oxidative stress in colon cancer cells

Abstract

[eng] Xanthohumol (XN) is the major prenylated flavonoid present in the hops and has been related to multiple beneficial properties. XN and their derivatives (isoxanthohumol (IXN) and 8-prenylnaringenin (8PN)) have been studied to evaluate their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential against different cancers. Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine if these phytochemicals (XN, IXN and 8PN) could affect cellular proliferation and oxidative stress through regulation of antioxidant enzymes genes or protein expression in colorectal cancer cells. Different concentrations of XN, IXN and 8PN were added to HT29 and SW620 colorectal cancer cell lines to understand the role of this bioactive compounds in ROS production, cell viability, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (sod1, sod2, gpx, grd and cat). The metastatic SW620 cell line showed an increase in ROS production and a decrease in cell viability after XN treatment. Moreover, catalase was decreased, and lipid peroxidation was increased. In contrast, primary tumour HT29 cells did notshow biologically relevant differences in cell viability, ROS production or protein expression of antioxidant enzymes, but the gene expressions of this proteins were decreased after XN treatment, and lipid peroxidation was also decreased. These results suggest that XN, but not IXN or 8PN, at high concentrations, increase oxidative stress due to, in part, a deregulation of catalase expression, leading to cell death.